Your best bet would be to get your friends second hand board. I've found a lot of people start skating, buy an expensive setup and then within 2 weeks realise its not for them. My general rule of thumb is skate it untill its unskatable, ie untill the board snaps. If your friends board does not come with trucks/wheels, don't look too much into expensive trucks, your mostly paying for build quality and brandname, and as a beginner the build quality is sort of obsolete anyway. Same with wheels, theres not much point investing in expensive wheels. Just get a cheap-ish pair and try them out, if they feel to soft, get harder ones.
As for brands, I've always been fond of enjoi. Their boards are thinner (7.25" or something) and light with good pop. Element boards are the opposite, quite heavy and a bit wider. Thats just personal experience anyway.
Truck brands... meh they're all the same anyway. Street skating doesn't require a huge selection of trucks, and one pair should last you 4-5 boards anyway.
Bearings... Get bonez reds. No questions asked. They are by far the best skateboard bearings on the marker, in terms of price to quality. Super quick, roll for ages, all round good.
Skating isn't about brand names or labels, its about expression and having a good time. Worry about landing tricks and other things instead